Environment
Wild pistachio habitats in the Zagros region or bane forests, due to their very important role in soil stabilization, erosion prevention, vegetation conservation, fruit production and harvest and turpentine production, have been the place of economic and social activity for many years. The people are marginalized in the forest and there is a close relationship between them, so that the economic and social life of the inhabitants of the region depends on the survival of these forests.
Therefore, one of the concerns related to the preparation of natural Saqqez gum, which is the main basis of natural chewing gum; Observance of environmental considerations and priorities. In Iran, the custodians of the environment and natural resources, mainly the Environmental Protection Organization, Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization and the Iranian Fisheries Organization are under the Ministry of Jihad Agriculture and in this regard have their own powers and responsibilities and special and binding regulations. These regulations also apply to the barns and forests of the Ban tree, which is known as the most characteristic tree of Iran and the green pearl, as follows.
Terms of operation of Mastic tree
In general, the exploitation of natural resources is carried out under the rules and regulations of the General Directorate of Natural Resources related to the Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization of the country. In particular, in recent decades, the exploitation of wild pistachio forests or the harvesting of natural turpentine in the Zagros has been banned, and local farmers whose livelihoods are tied to this God-given blessing, only by obtaining the necessary permits from the Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization. The country can exploit bane trees with special conditions.
These conditions have been applied because the forests of Zagros have a fragile ecosystem due to limited and low regeneration, so it is one of the protected and supportive forests and the protection of these natural resources is essential. Pistachio or wild oak, or natural turpentine, is a hardy tree that can live up to 300 years if left in good condition. This tree, which is called "Dareh Ban" in the local dialect, has a natural sap or gum that comes out of this tree at different times, and if this issue is not addressed, it will be unbalanced and may even Damage to the tree itself, including drought, pests and destruction.
Contrary to popular belief, if the correct harvesting and observance of the educational cases and technical principles of the country's Forests, Rangelands and Watershed Management Organization and observance of exploitation methods are observed, not only will no damage be done to the trees, but it can also help the development of coriander fields. But this requires proper culture building as well as legal requirements. These requirements include care methods, digging holes for watering trees, pruning pest areas, clearing areas, avoiding damage to the tree, type and amount of bowling, annual harvest limits, etc., which depends on the consistency and durability of these trees.
Environmental Considerations Ban Natural Chewing Gum
Sivan Kurdistan Saqqez Manufacturing Company, despite having no activity in the process of harvesting natural turpentine and has obtained the required raw turpentine from official suppliers and is engaged in the production of natural gum, but according to its mission and social responsibility is always in meetings and Environmental meetings related to the field of pistachio trees, the company has been active and has presented its views on the ecological potential of the Zagros forests, the measures needed to develop pistachio forests and improve the knowledge of users, and in this regard, educational content has been prepared and made available..
On the other hand, we believe that beyond the training of farmers, it is necessary to think of measures for very big problems in the field of forest damage. Problems caused by climate change, spread of forest pests and diseases, consecutive droughts, dam operations, mining, uncontrolled grazing of livestock, subsurface agriculture, firewood harvesting, fire, infestation of dust, cutting down trees, implementation of development projects, illegal and illegal gumming, etc. All of them are the causes of deforestation that must be seriously studied and planned. According to the relevant experts, among the 70 factors known as the cause of deforestation in the Zagros forests, the human factor, especially the issue of fire, play a more important role.